Short answer
Tier 3 caps at 65 percent LTV and 1.35x DSCR ; tier 4 caps at 55 percent LTV and 1.55x DSCR. Tier 4 saves an additional 10 to 25 basis points of spread compared to tier 3 but requires meaningfully lower leverage and stronger DSCR. Most market-rate borrowers stop at tier 3.
Who chooses tier 4?
Long-hold institutional sponsors prioritizing duration cash-flow stability over leverage maximization. Insurance-investor-backed multifamily portfolios where prudent leverage thresholds align with tier 4 limits. Some affordable-housing executions where mission-driven sponsors accept lower proceeds for superior pricing.
Sources
- Delegated Underwriting and Servicing (DUS) program disclosures · Fannie Mae · current
